History Important Terms Essay

Bacons uprising-1676 Nathaniel Bacon and some some different Hesperian Virginia settlers were furious at Virginia g oernor Berkley for refineing to assuage the Doeg Indians aft(prenominal) the Doegs attacked the double-uern settlework forcets. The boundsmen make an army, with Bacon as its courseer, which frustrated the Indians and past marched on Jamestown and destroy the city. The insubordination end suddenly when Bacon died of an illness. thr bingle Winthrop-He became the root com musical compositiondor of the mamma bay laurel settlement, and get ond in that capableness from 1630 by 1649. A prude with secure phantasmal beliefs. He contrary join studyity rule, believing the dependance was best goerned by a weeny group of skillful leaders. He stand byed rig out the fresh Eng rural atomic number 18a union in 1643 and served as its kick move out president. He supposed in the cornerst mavin of a urban bear on on a Hill and that they would be an example to the tribe.Separatists- Non-separatists (which include the puritans) believed that the per line service of Eng pour overcome could be purified with reforms. Separatists (which include the Pilgrims) believed that the Church of Eng select out could non be im settle and that it was rot so haveed their own congregations.Roger Williams-Rhode Is flat coat. He left-hand(a) the momma dependence and purchased the landed e farming from a adjoining Indian kin to found the resolution of Rhode Island. Rhode Island was the allay addiction at that judgment of conviction to offer make do spiritual laxdom. He was an antinomian. He was exi lead from mammy be app arnt motion of his beliefs. He believed you couldnt take up land from inseparable the depositsns beca utilize they could be lay asided, Angli bathroom Church is excessively corrupt, dissolution of church and advance and religious toleration, you usurpt beat to lis 10 to the counter score or parson if you atomic number 18 already prede shapeined. F unrivalledther of Rhode Island.Anne Hutchinson-She preached the brain that perfection communicated learnly to individuals ins tea cartridge h honest-to-goderd of with the church elders. She was coerce to leave momma in 1637. Her pursual (the Antinomians) founded the resolution of brisk Hampshire in 1639. She associate with merchants. Said the leger was wrong. Visible saints- tribe who were godly Christians and who went to heaven when they died. Puritans believed that they were the saints of the world.Half-Way Covenant- The Half- course Covenant utilize to those members of the Puritan colonies who were the children of church members, only who hadnt achieved grace themselves. The concordat tout ensembleowed them to participate in some church affairs.Dominion of wise-fashi whizzd England- 1686 The British presidency combined the colonies of mom, Rhode Island, new-fangled-made Hampshire, and Connecticu t into a single land headed by a magnificent governor (Andros). The Dominion terminate in 1692, when the settlers revolted and tick off out governor Andros. An example that Britain was kickoff-class honours degree to lose overtop of unfermented England.Penns Holy essay- William Penns term for the governingal sympathies of protactinium, which was vatical to serve eitherone and can emancipation for exclusively. He was a Quaker. He was or so believably gay so he wasnt accepted by puritans but in Pennsylvania he could be free and safe beca aim they believed that they atomic number 18 the kindred as everyone else.Nathaniel Bacon- Virginian planter who form a reserves of 500, attacked and kil adopt Indians because some tribes ca apply planters line of works. consequently he marched the militia into Jamestown and burn down it. planetary nursing home of Burgesses-1619 The Virginia House of Burgesses formed the first legislative body in compound the States. later on other colonies would lead houses of burgesses. Indentured servants- pack who could not throw profess to the colonies could move around obligate servants. some other person would contain their musical passage, and in exchange, the oblige servant would serve that person for a set distance of eon (usu eachy 7 years) and consequently would be free.Head proper(a)- Headrights were parcels of land consisting of much or less 50 domain which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were employ by the Virginia Comp whatsoever to seduce more(prenominal) colonists eye passage passage from the African west coast to the westside Indies enlightenment-A philosophical exertion which started in europium in the 1700s and spread to the colonies. It emphatic reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to cerebrate on presidency, ethics, and science, or else than on imagination, emotions, or religion. Mev ery members of the prudence jilted traditionalistic religious beliefs in favor of Deism, which holds that the world is run by graphic jurisprudences without the direct intervention of God. It is believed that it shaped the American whirling. peachy waken- Puritanism had capitulationd by the 1730s, and great deal were in a harmful flair(p) close the decline in religious piety. The extensive Awakening was a sudden outbreak of religious fervor that sweep by the colonies. whizz of the first guinea pigs to flux the colonies. It believed in identity and new(a) Birth. Believed to influence American Revolution.George Whitefield- George Whitefield, an Anglican minister, direct realityy revivals and preached a immortal scaled consume to the comprehension of twelve-year-olds. fleck not denying the precept of predestination, he preached a God antiphonary to good intentions. He believed in the judgment of wise Birth.Jonathan Edwards- Jonathan Edwards was the inti mately famous internal-born revivalist. In 1727 he inherited his autocraticdads stump in nitrogenampton, milliampere, and dramatized blazes burn and brimstone from the pulpit. lastly in 1749 his parishioners voted to throw away him. By the 1750s, the big(p) Awakening, the first genuinely case event in American history, had run its course. Although it had caused divisions, it similarly fostered religious toleration. His most famous gain is Sinners. He believed one could centre virtuously perfect.Mercantilism-Navigation numerals- the most meaning(a) legislature that Britain passed on colonies. Says that each(prenominal) goods shipped on vessels built in UK, Raw fabric to UK only in UK ships, no manufacturing in colonies, 75% UK crews, all goods to other countries blockage in UK for unloading.Congregationalism- Puritan system. Says that church is effect of town and the refer house. Congregation elects minister.Pilgrims trailing arbutus Compact- 1620 The first accord for self- presidential term in America. It was gestural by the 41 men on the mayflower and set up a authorities for the Plymouth ha numeraluation. It said that all people es moveial adhere to bulk rule, allegiance to traffic leader and church is the center of their town.Triangle Trade- The keister of New Englands frugality during the compound period. Ships from New England sailed first to Africa, exchanging New England drunkard for buckle downs. The slaves were shipped from Africa to the Caribbean (this was cognise as the Middle Passage, when some(prenominal) an(prenominal) slaves died on the ships). In the Caribbean, the slaves were allotd for sugar and molasses. accordingly the ships returned to New England, where the molasses were used to make rum. neat Migration- Many Puritans emigrated from England to America in the 1630s and 1640s. During this sentence, the macrocosm of the mamma embayment colonization grew to ten times its preliminary population . baron Philips contend- 1675 A series of battles in New Hampshire betwixt the colonists and the Wompanowogs, led by a chief known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts political relation try to assert speak to jurisdiction over the local anesthetic Indians. The colonists won with the service of the Mohawks, and this conquest subjected up additional Indian lands for expansion.Covenant of Grace- Puritan teachings emphasized the biblical obligations Gods covenants with Adam and with Noah, the covenant of grace amid God and man through Christ. tin can Smith-Helped found and govern Jamestown. His leadership and hard discipline helped the Virginia small town get through the difficult first winter.Virginia Company-Virginia was formed by the Virginia Company as a profit-earning venture. starving was the major(ip) problem about 90% of the colonists died the first year, many of the survivors left, and the confederacy had strike attracting new colonists. They offered secluded land impart strength in the colony to attract settlers, but the Virginia Company at long last went bankrupt and the colony went to the opinion poll. Virginia did not become a prospered colony until the colonists started airlift and exporting tobacco. William Berkeley- the royal stag governor, Sir William Berkeley of Virginia. He was hale by Bacon to legalise his power in order to take tone prevail over of Jamestown and meshing against Indians.seasoning time- period of time when new colonists became given up to the weather and hygiene conditions in the colonyToleration impress of 1649- 1649 Ordered by Lord Baltimore after a Protestant was made governor of medico at the demand of the colonys macroscopical Protestant population. The act guaranteed religious granting immunity to all Christians. Maryland was unique in that it became a condom for Catholic immigrants, and although Catholics were a minority in Maryland their rights were protectJa cob Leisler- In New York in 1689, Jacob Leisler seized look of the government for ii years forward being sent to the gallows. that for two decades struggles continued amidst those who shared Leislers dislike of face rule and those who had oppose his takeover. He took control of New York. He was arrested for denying English soldiery to enter lynchpin forts. He arrested many new Yorkers for call into question his indorsement. commode slam Zenger- Another policy-making problem occurred when regulator William Cosby made a say for back salary and was oppose by forces led by Lewis Morris. Morrisites unmannerly up a hebdomadal journal which was ultimately closed down and which led to the semipolitical campaign for seditious defame of its editor, sewer pecker Zenger.Deism- The religion of the Enlightenment (1700s). Followers believed that God existed and had pee-peed the world, but that by and by He left it to run by its own natural integritys. Denied that God co mmunicated to man or in any way influenced his life.Albany envision of Union- During the French and Indian warfare, Franklin wrote this proposal for a unified compound government, which would operate under the rootity of the British government. Gives the arousal of William Pitt. The first time the colonies unite. prominent struggle for Empire- increase tensions betwixt France and Britain. France puts up forts around their land. Britain is drubbinged in Ohio because they arouse really bad Generals and Native Americans are allied with France, But Irukoy Indians ally with Britain. It is the cause of the first get together mingled with all 13 colonies. William Pitt was establish general and helped tear the French.Regulator Movement- was the act to regulate revenuees in north westbound Carolina where citizens took up arms against corrupt colonial officials. time unsuccessful, some historians deliberate it a throttle to the American revolutionary War.Stono ascent in NY- the ascension against bondage in New York. One of the earliest known form mutinys in the largess social united States, it was led by primaeval Africans who were Catholic and the lawlessness was stifled.Treaty of genus genus capital of France (1763)- 1763 the Treaty of capital of France ended hostilities and gave England ascendence in North America. France is out of New World.North Carolina Regulators- Hesperian frontiersmen who in 1768 rebelled in fend against the laid-back taxes imposed by the easternmostern colonial government of North Carolina, and whose physical composition was wiped out(p) by forces force by regulator Tryon in 1771. In entropy Carolina, groups of vigilantes who calculated to defend outlaw bands a unyielding the Western frontier in 1767-1769, and who disbanded when same courts were complete in those areas. prick forge (1764)- The passage of the Sugar hazard (1764), which position tariffs on sugar, coffee, wines, and other imported pro ducts, was denounced by the colonists as tax without government agency. Also in 1764, the government in London limit the printing, although not the use of, paper bills in the colonies. safe neglect- colonists re classificationed to export and bribery to shunt sevensary regulations. Mercantilistic laws hardly steered American economy toward England, and the colonies enjoyed almost ceaseless prosperity from 1650 until the Revolution. announcement of 1763- Proclamation of 1763. No settlers were to cross the Appalachian divide, only accredited carry onrs could do business in that area, and the purchase of Indian land was outlawed. The purpose of the annunciation was to organize bang-up Britains new North American empire and to becalm dealings with Native North Americans through regulation of wiliness, settlement, and land purchases on the horse opera frontier.teatime bet 1773- The final crisis in the ongoing run afoul over regal control surfaced in 1773 when Parliamen t, in sweating to save the corrupt and inefficient British East India Company from bankruptcy, gave the company a monopoly on colonial tea trade. Although this action decreased the price of tea (middlemen were eliminated), Americans regarded it as a sly attempt to trap them into gainful the tea tax. In capital of Massachusetts the topographic menstruation deteriorated as surface-to-air missileuel Adams and other propagandists inflamed the normal to a point that on celestial latitude 16, 1773, the capital of Massachusetts tea leaf Party occurred. autocratic numerals 1774- all of these names refer to the same acts, passed in 1774 in response to the capital of Massachusetts Tea Party, and which include the Boston carriage Act, which shut down Boston think of the Massachusetts organisation Act, which disbanded the Boston bundleion (but it soon rein affirmd itself) the accommodate Act, which essential the colony to suffer pabulum for British soldiers and the ecesis o f Justice Act, which take the power of colonial courts to arrest royal officers.Albany final cause- notion Act relation 1765- taxed many kinds of printed matter, including newspapers, legal documents, and licenses. Was direct levy by eng. An intercolonial cast of characters Act sex act passed resolutions of protest, and relations were further laboured as colonists burned the stamps, boycotted British goods, and the Sons of emancipation resorted to some violence. Parliament responded by repealing the attender Act (1766).Writs of Assistance- appear warrants issued by the British government. They allowed officials to search houses and ships for sinister goods, and to enlist colonials to help them search. The writs could be used anywhere, anytime, as very much as desired. The officials did not need to prove that there was parking lotsensible cause to believe that the person humble to the search had committed a abhorrence or capacity consecrate self-possession of contr aband in the lead getting a writ or searching a house. The writs were protested by the colonies.declarative Act 1766- On the same daytime Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, it passed a asserting(prenominal) Act establishing its right to enact any colonial edict it deemed proper. The Declaratory Act highlighted the degree to which British and Americans had drifted apart on the concepts of prototype, report, and sovereignty.Townshend Acts 1767- Facing the fortuity of a deficit budget, Parliament passed the Townshend Acts (1767) which place new taxes on glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea. Colonists immediately began boycotting British imports and influential Americans began unbelieving the basis of the British colonial system. The spectrum of turn ranged from the moderate views of John Dickinson to the prow opinions of Samuel Adams.Boston Massacre 1770- On March 5, 1770, idlers tossed snowballs at Redcoats guarding the Boston use of goods and services House, and panicking soldiers fired their muskets into the crowd, cleanup position five. Although radicals like Samuel Adams vie up the incident, ice chest heads prevailed and a post-massacre cease-fire settled over British America. note Letter- a garner sent by Sam Adams to colonies that says taxing is un recordal.Virtual existent Representation- Virtual archetype means that a representative is not take by his constituents, but he resembles them in his political beliefs and goals. Actual government agency mean that a representative is elected by his constituents. The colonies only had virtual representation in the British government.1st-2nd Continental relation- The first-class honours degree Continental relation met to plow their concerns over Parliaments dissolutions of the New York (for refusing to profits to quarter forces), Massachusetts (for the Boston Tea Party), and Virginia Assemblies. The starting line Continental Congress rejected the plan for a unified colonial government, sta ted grievances against the crown called the resolution of Rights, moldd to prepare militias, and shaped the Continental Association to levy a new non-importation agreement through Committees of Vigilence. In response, in February, 1775, Parliament state the colonies to be in rebellion. It met in 1776 and drafted and signed the Declaration of Independence, which warrant the subversive War and declared that the colonies should be in helpless of Britain.Sam Adams- A Massachusetts politician who was a radical vieer for colonial independency. Helped organize the Sons of Liberty and the Non-Importation Commission, which protested the Townshend Acts, and is believed to stupefy lead the Boston Tea Party. He served in the Continental Congress throughout the Revolution, and served as Governor of Massachusetts from 1794-1797.John Dickenson- Drafted a closure of colonial rights and grievances, and besides wrote the series of letter from a granger in Pennsylvania in 1767 to protes t the Townshend Acts. Although an outspoken tyro of British policies towards the colonies, Dickinson opposed the Revolution, and, as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1776, refused to sign the Declaration of Independence.Sons of Liberty- A radical political organization for colonial license which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. by and by the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of counterpoise which continued to abet opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders include Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.Unit II monetary valueOlive tree branch Petition- a predication sent by John Dickinson during the consequence Continental Congress to George lead of Britain to try and reconcile their feuds. It fails to have any effect because by the time the petition arrives in Britain George III knows about Bunkers Hil l and declares Massachusetts in open rebellion so he cuts off all imports to colonies, which provide cause major economic problems. customary Sense- a volition written by Tomas Paine to challenge the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. He writes it to try and create a greater sentiency that colonist need independence. It is ingenuous and easy to read. Called for colonists to cause their mistreatment and push for independence from England. Attacked King George III and the monarchy itself. As a result, Continental Congress unleashed privateers against British affair, open American ports, established state governments.Loyalists- colonists that fight for the British during the Revolution. They include Canadian elites in fear of Americans cattle farm into their land, some native Americans, and were influenced by the Whigs. They treasured to remain true pick upted to the British king.siege of Yorktown (1781)- The Battle of Yorktown. It is the deciding(pr enominal) battle that ends the Revolutionary War. It forced the British to surrender and negociate some sort of agreement between America. It leads to the Treaty of Paris 1783 which acknowledged the colonies as independent.Thomas Paine- author of Common Sense. He precious to create more awareness to colonists about what Britain was doing. He valued to laud colonists to do something about their independence.Declaration of Independence- the didactics adopted on July 4th that declared that the colonies were no continuing part of Britain. sharply separated Loyalists from Patriots and helped to start the American Revolution by allowing England to hear of the colonists disagreements with British authority.Franco-American Alliance-Saratoga (1778)- an confederation formed between France and the United States. France agrees to help America militarily and economically to defeat and weaken Britain.Articles of alliance (1781)- The first form of federal official government. It had conta in matter power. It requires a unanimous vote from all colonies to signalise a law, donations instead of taxes, inadequate central government. Gave states independence and more power over national government (able to form treaties, control foreign policy, fall upon gold). Its successes were the Land regularization of 1785 and the Northwest formula 1787.Peace of Paris (1783)- Treaty between America and Britain. It recognizes Americas independence. It required all British troops to be evacuated as long as loyalists were compensable all land east of multiple sclerosis went to America, fishing rights of grand banks.Saratoga-Yorktown- two big and decisive battles for America. They are both victories for America. republican Motherhood- Came from US War of Independence. Concept that women should naturalize themselves in the principles of liberty, independence, and democracy so as to inculcate the plan of attack generation with these republican values. This was one sign that women were becoming more respected as intellectually capable.Shays Rebellion 1786- Daniel Shay (Revolutionary War veteran) gathered farmers and marched to courthouse because of trade issues and taxes, preventing state coercive Court from meeting. State sent troops to fight them and suppressed them. Shay and his rebellion were arrested.Land regularisation of 1785 -Provided for surveying western territories into 6 foursquare mile townships forward change at auction. Compromise between souths sale to individuals and NEs sale to groups or companies. 1 section for tuition and schooling.Imposts -Section 8 of the governance. Congress shall have federal agency To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common demur and general public assistance of the US. But all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the US.capital of Maryland Convention 17855 -states met to discuss common problems of commerce. All talk, no action. Decid ed not to make any changes due to need of reps from other states, so Hamilton suggested they meet in Philadelphia to fix the Articles of Confederation.3/5 Compromise-North argued slaves should be counted for federal taxation. mho disagreed but still destinyed slaves counted as people to determine number in House of Representatives. at last Every slave counted as 3/5 of a person.1808 Compromise- Allowed the slave trade to continue, but rigid a date-certain on its survival. Congress finally passed a law outlawing the slave trade that became effective on January 1, 1808.Virginia Plan- a political plan that valued 2 houses stop number and lower. A inexpugnable central government and representation that is proportionate to population. New island of Jersey Plan- a political plan that wanted cope with representation in every state heedless of population. Northwest principle of 1787- Establishes government for West. First governed by governor and 3 judges, accordingly land wi th legislature, and then state. Determines process of dividing dirt and writing territory war paint. Banded by Ohio & Mississippi Rivers and great(p) Lakes. Same rights as original 13 states. Prohibited slavery.Great Compromise- Delegates at Great Convention pertinacious to have bicameral legislature let down House- House of Representatives dependent on population (Virginia Plan successful by large states) and Upper House- Senate, with equal number of representatives per state (2 per state) (New Jersey Plan small states). All revenue bills come out in house. both bill that says it impart take notes exit set about in house of representatives because they are adpressed to the people.The Federalists Papers 1788- by capital of Wisconsin, Jay and Hamilton. To convince voters in Virginia and New York that constitution was worth a chance. Had little impact but finally New York and Virginia back up it.Checks and balances- Phrase to unwrap the separation of powers/branches of government. By dividing powers between legislature, executive director (President), and judiciary, no one branch can be too powerful. Each one can take care the others actions. Antifederalists -People against federalists in 1787. Disagreed with the writing because they believed peoples rights were being interpreted away without a hooter of Rights. Appealed to common man as they didnt want an elected aristocracy. Gave in a bit when promised the Bill of Rights, which they wanted because the British constitution is unwritten so no one can claim any rights.Bill of Rights 1791- By Madison (since he wrote the Constitution too). First 10 amendments of Constitution. Added in 1791. Guarantees accomplished liberties like exemption of speech, free press, and freedom of religion, etc. written to satisfy the of necessity of states fearful of losing their rights (anti-federalists.Hamiltons Economic Plans 1792-94- musical accompaniment and Assumption. (Funding- funding the national debt. Spend your way out of debt by funding the old debt. Government taxes and uses bonds (citizens alter government money) people who gave money will pay taxes, will want government to succeed so they get their money back.) (Assumption- the central government takes (assumes) all of the state debts.) Funding and given later lead to the formation of political parties.Whiskey Rebellion 1795- 1st major challenge to federal authority. Small rebellion that began in southwesterly Pennsylvania in 1794. Challenge to the national governments unjust use of an excise tax on whiskey. working capital crushed the rebellion with excessive force, proving the talent of the national governments power in its military. Shows that constitution is supreme law and that there are severe limits to what people can do to oppose government.